When legendary British explorer James Cook visited the town in 1770 so he was instantly fascinated and dubbed as "The Pearl of Orient" or "Pearl of the Orient". Cook fascinated with the beauty of the building and the city's spatial structure is considered similar to the City of Amsterdam in the Netherlands. The city is prepared to be a copy of the windmill capital of the country so that it is labeled as "Koningen van Oosten" or "Queen of the East".
City of Batavia was established in an area formerly known as Jayakarta (1527-1619). This area is adjacent to the Sultanate of Banten harbor called Sunda Kalapa. Much earlier, the port has been initiated by the Kingdom of Sunda as a means of inter-island trade in the archipelago.
Old Town of Batavia
Sunda Kelapa harbor and Jayakarta attacked in 1610 by a Dutch trading company VOC (Verenigde Oostindische Compagnie) January led Pieterzoon Coen. Next in 1620, VOC build a new city on the ruins of the city proper Jayakarta until completed in 1650.
VOC named the new city as the center of the city of Batavia was right around Fatahillah now. From where VOC control all trade, military and political control of the archipelago during the next followed by the Government to the Dutch East Indies. Batavia name used since 1621 until 1942 when Japan conquered. Next Japanese renamed Batavia to Jakarta and has not changed to this day.
Originally Batavia area covering 139 acres but later expanded to 846 hectares which includes the Port of Sunda Kelapa, Fish Market, to the south of the Chinatown Glodok. However, the core area of the old town itself include the City Hall Building or Fatahillah Museum and the surrounding area.
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